Viral peritonitis na cats.

Mai kamuwa da cuta peritonitis a cikin cats (Feline Infectious Peritonitis, gajeriyar FIP, IPC) cuta ce mai saurin yaduwa tare da alamu iri-iri. Zai zama mafi daidai a kira Pathology vasculitis ko polygranulomatous polyserositis, tun da shi ne halin da kumburi da jini ko samuwar purulent granulomas (nodules) a kan peritoneum. Koyaya, sunan farko ya haɓaka a tarihi, don haka za mu yi amfani da shi.

Menene feline viral peritonitis?

Cutar ta samo asali ne daga wani coronavirus mai ɗauke da RNA, wanda ya sami sunansa saboda ƙaƙƙarfan appendages masu kama da kambi. Yana da takamaiman nau'in nau'in, wato, yana da cututtukan cututtuka kawai ga kuliyoyi na gida da na daji, amma yana da lafiya ga sauran dabbobi da mutane. Kwayar cutar ta kasance a cikin jikin kuliyoyi da yawa, amma ba koyaushe yana haifar da ci gaban tsarin cututtukan cututtuka ba.

Cutar cututtuka

Wajibi ne a rarrabe tsakanin nau'ikan nau'ikan coronavirus masu zuwa:

• FECV (FCoV) yana da saurin yaɗuwa, amma galibi yana haifar da tawul mai laushi ko asymptomatic a cikin nau'in kamuwa da cuta na hanji (enteritis).
• FIPV wani nau'i ne wanda ya bayyana sakamakon maye gurbin FECV. Nauyin baya yaduwa sosai, amma shine sanadin kamuwa da cutar peritonitis a cikin kuliyoyi.

Yana da wuya a faɗi abin da ke haifar da canjin ƙwayar cuta. Mafi mahimmanci, abubuwa da yawa suna aiki, ɗaya daga cikin manyan su shine raguwar rigakafi.

Ƙungiyar haɗari ta haɗa da:

• Ƙananan dabbobi (har zuwa shekara guda), ko da yake akwai sanannun lokuta na lalacewa ga tsofaffin dabbobi.
• Rauni tare da concomitant cututtuka.
• Wadanda aka ajiye a cikin manyan kungiyoyi - a cikin gidaje, matsuguni, kuliyoyi da yawa a cikin gidan, da kuma waɗanda ke tafiya a kan titi.
• Wadanda suka fuskanci damuwa akai-akai - tashin hankali na dabba na iya haifar da motsi, bayyanar sabon dangi ko sabon dabba, canjin abinci ko lokacin ciyarwa, bandaki daban-daban, filler, da dai sauransu.
• Bengal, Birtaniyya gajerun gashi.

Babban hanyar watsa FECV ita ce orofecal (ta hanyar miya da najasa): lokacin amfani da tire da aka raba, yayin lasa. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa wurin da ake haifuwa (yaduwa) na kwayar cutar shine epithelium na hanji, daga inda ake fitowa akai-akai ko lokaci-lokaci. Kamar yadda muka fada a baya, sigar yawanci ba ta da wahala, amma kuliyoyi masu lafiya suna iya kamuwa da wannan nau'in na coronavirus. Idan akwai dabbobi da yawa a cikin ɗakin / gida, akwai yuwuwar dukkansu za su kamu da cutar.

Kadan sau da yawa, kwayar cutar tana yaduwa ta hanyar abubuwan kulawa, yayin saduwa da dabbobi masu kamuwa da cuta ko cikin mahaifa.

Ba kamar FECV ba, FIPV yana zaune a cikin monocytes (nau'in farin jini) kuma baya yadawa zuwa wasu kuliyoyi. Amma idan an gano cat yana da cututtukan peritonitis, dabbobin da aka ajiye tare suna iya zama masu ɗaukar FECV.

Alamun kwayar cutar peritonitis a cikin kuliyoyi

Coronaviral enteritis, wanda ke gaba da peritonitis, na iya zama asymptomatic, yana bayyana ta hanyar zawo na ɗan lokaci, amai ko kuma tsawon lokaci. Kittens za su yi tari kuma suna fama da cututtukan numfashi. Da wuya, akwai zawo mai tsanani na wasu watanni, wanda ba ya amsa da kyau ga far.

Idan kwayar cutar ta canza, ta ratsa cikin shingen hanji kuma ta sake maimaitawa a cikin monocytes - fararen jini. Bayan haka, ƙwayoyin cuta suna tarawa a cikin tasoshin jini, yana ƙara haɓakar su kuma yana haifar da tarin ruwa a cikin cavities daban-daban. Ciwon peritonitis yana tasowa, alamun bayyanar su suna canzawa kuma sun dogara da abin da tsarin jiki ya shafa.

Akwai nau'i biyu na cutar: marasa exudative da exudative.

Non-purulent (bushe) yana da wuyar ganewar asali saboda yana tare da rashin takamaiman alamun cutar peritonitis a cikin kuliyoyi. Alamun kumburi ko granuloma suna bayyana akan gabobin ciki.

An lura:

• rashin tausayi na gaba ɗaya,
• asarar ci
• asarar nauyi,
• high zafin jiki,
• paleness ko yellowness na mucous membranes, fata saboda hanta Pathology,
• gazawar koda, rashin fitsari,
• ciwon ciki a lokacin palpation, kara girma Lymph nodes, lumpiness na ciki gabobin kuma za a iya ji.

Lalacewar ido ya fi nuni:

• canza launi na iris - yana duhu, ya sami inuwa mai launin ruwan kasa,
• zubar jini a gaban dakin ido,
• tabo masu haske a bayan saman cornea,
• uveitis - kumburi da choroid na idanu,
• gizagizai na vitreous jikin kwayar ido,
• makanta.

A cikin 10-15% na kuliyoyi marasa lafiya, nau'in bushewa yana tare da bayyanar cututtuka kawai: tashin hankali, inna, tics, rawar jiki, rashin daidaituwa na motsi.

Danshi (danshi) shine mafi haɗari, da sauri yana kaiwa ga mutuwa. Yana tare da kumburin tasoshin jini, tarin ruwa a cikin cavities daban-daban.

Alamu:

• Girman ciki, a cikin siffar ya zama kama da ball - don ascites, ko tarin ruwa a cikin rami na ciki.
• Rashin numfashi, wahalar numfashi, pallor na mucous membranes da fata - tare da hydrothorax (ruwa a cikin kogon kirji), hydropericardium (effusion a cikin pericardium - jakar zuciya).
• Farin ciki ko damuwa.
• Yawan ci ko rashinsa.
• Zazzabi shine karuwar zafin jiki.
• Girman kumburin ƙwayar cuta na mesenteric (mesenteric).
• Rage nauyi, rashin lafiya.

Bugu da kari, akwai gauraye siffofin. Tsananin kwas ɗin zai dogara ne akan ayyukan tsarin rigakafi, musamman na salula wanda ke da alaƙa da T-lymphocytes. Kariyar jin daɗi da ƙwayoyin rigakafi ke bayarwa (a lokacin alurar riga kafi, tare da colostrum daga uwa) ba shi da tasiri.

Bincike

Ana ɗaukar FIP a matsayin cuta mai wuyar ganewa. Canje-canje a cikin gwaje-gwajen ba su da hali, kuma hoton asibiti yana kama da sauran cututtuka.

Ana amfani da hanyoyi da yawa don yin ganewar asali:

• PCR na zubar da jini - idan aka gano coronavirus, ana iya ɗauka tare da babban yuwuwar cewa IPC ce.
• Analysis na effusion ruwa - abun ciki ne bambaro-launi, girgije ko tare da flakes, lokacin farin ciki daidaito. A lokacin binciken, ana lura da adadi mai yawa na furotin, rabon albumin zuwa globulin bai wuce 0,4 ba, a cikin sel akwai galibi neutrophils da macrophages. Tare da peritonitis na kwayan cuta, akwai ƙarin ƙwayoyin jini a cikin zubar da jini, kuma ana gano ƙwayoyin cuta.
• Gwajin jini - akwai karuwa ko raguwa a cikin adadin leukocytes, raguwa a cikin adadin lymphocytes da erythrocytes, karuwa a matakin furotin da globulin, canji a cikin rabo na albumin / globulin (kasa da 0,8).
• Gano ƙwayoyin rigakafi zuwa coronavirus - ta hanyar gwajin immunosorbent mai alaƙa da enzyme (ELISA).
• Analysis na antibody titer - akwai karuwa, amma a cikin dabbobi da babban rigakafi da kuma bisa ga sputum form, da ganewar asali na iya zama ƙarya korau.
• Duban dan tayi da X-ray na gabobin ciki - don gano canje-canje.
• Biopsy shine kawar da ƙwayoyin nama da binciken su a ƙarƙashin na'urar hangen nesa.

Mafi abin dogara shine bincike na immunohistochemical - gano takamaiman antigens a cikin kyallen takarda. Amma ana buƙatar wani sashe na sashin da abin ya shafa don bincike. Shan kayan sau da yawa yana buƙatar maganin sa barci, wanda zai iya cutar da yanayin dabba marar lafiya. Sabili da haka, ana iya amfani da wannan hanyar don ganewar asali na bayan mutuwa, wanda ya dace musamman ga kennels ko lokacin da aka ajiye kuliyoyi da yawa a cikin gidan.

Jiyya na kwayar cutar peritonitis a cikin kuliyoyi

Ana gudanar da jiyya, wanda ke kawar da alamun peritonitis a cikin kuliyoyi kuma yana rage yanayin gabaɗaya: maganin rigakafi, corticosteroids, gudanar da maganin jiko (a cikin nau'in hanji). Don na kullum shigarwar da coronavirus ya haifar da abincin da ake ci da abinci mai ƙarancin kalori da ɓarayi.

Matsaloli masu yiwuwa

Cutar tana da tsanani kuma tana haifar da ilimin cututtuka na gabobin ciki da yawa. Dangane da tasoshin gabobin da abin ya shafa, ko kuma inda purulent foci ya samo asali, ana iya lura da waɗannan abubuwa: lalacewa ga kwakwalwa, idanu, tsarin juyayi, hanta, pancreas, kodan, tsarin narkewa, tsarin lymphatic.

Hasashen

Tun da akwai rashin aiki na tsarin jiki daban-daban, yanayin yana ƙaruwa a hankali kuma mutuwar dabba yana faruwa. Hasashen ba shi da kyau. Tare da busassun nau'i na ilimin cututtuka da kuma rigakafi mai karfi na dabba, tsawon rayuwa ya fi girma. Ƙarshe na ƙarshe game da yanayin dabbar da aka yi a cikin asibitin bayan jarrabawa, bincike da bincike. Don haka, idan kun gano alamun da aka bayyana a sama a cikin cat, muna ba da shawarar ku tuntuɓi likitan dabbobi nan da nan. Kafin kafa ganewar asali, dabba mara lafiya dole ne a ware daga sauran kuliyoyi.

Rigakafi

Tun da babu takamaiman magani ga ƙwayoyin cuta peritonitis a cikin kuliyoyi, wato, FIP cuta ce da ba za ta iya warkewa ba, ya kamata a ba da kulawa ta musamman don rigakafin. Akwai maganin alurar riga kafi da ake yi a cikin hanci (ta hanyar hanci), amma ana yin amfani da shi ne kawai ga dabbobin da aka gabatar da su ga ƙungiyar da ba ta dace da peritonitis ba ko kuma shiga cikin nune-nunen. Kuna iya yin rigakafin kuliyoyi masu ciki, da kuma waɗanda cutar sankarar bargo ta shafa.

Yana da mahimmanci kuma a bi waɗannan shawarwari:

• Tabbatar da tsafta don rage sakin kwayar cutar zuwa yanayin waje da sake kamuwa da dabbobi. A cikin rukunin gidaje, kowane cat yana buƙatar tray ɗin kansa, yi ƙoƙarin tsaftace najasa nan da nan bayan amfani da bayan gida. Kashe ɗigo da sauran abubuwan kulawa. Lokacin ajiye dabbobi da yawa a cikin ɗaki ɗaya, yi amfani da safar hannu don kula da dabbobin don rage watsa kwayar cutar zuwa kanku.
• Yi jimre da damuwa. Yi amfani da gidaje marasa cell idan ba zai yiwu a zaɓi manyan keji ba. Da kyau, kuliyoyi ya kamata su kasance cikin ƙungiyoyin mutane 3-5, babu ƙari. Ba shi da yawa don motsa dabbobi daga ƙungiyoyi daban-daban. Gano da kuma magance cututtuka daban-daban a cikin lokaci.
• Hana cututtuka. Alurar riga kafi na dabbobi kafin sanyawa a cikin matsuguni/gidan gida. Idan wannan ba zai yiwu ba, to, a yi rigakafi yayin gudanarwa. Kowane sabon shiga dole ne a keɓe shi na tsawon makonni 2-3, don haka yana kare kuliyoyi "tsofaffin".

Bayar da kulawa ta musamman ga dabbobin da suka kamu da cutar ta coronavirus, saboda dabbar na iya kasancewa mai ɗaukar kwayar cutar ta rayuwa. Don yin wannan, ƙarfafa rigakafi na dabba, a kai a kai kula da titer na rigakafi don sarrafa ci gaban kamuwa da cuta.

Mu takaita

Ba shi yiwuwa 100% yin watsi da yiwuwar kamuwa da dabbar ku da coronavirus. A lokaci guda kuma, koyaushe za a sami haɗarin haɓaka IPC. Amma idan kun bi ka'idodin tsafta, rage yawan yanayin damuwa, kuma kuyi alurar riga kafi idan ya cancanta, zaku rage haɗarin maye gurbin FCoV zuwa FIPV.